active and passive components

week1/Readme.md

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+# Difference Between Active and Passive Components in Electronics
+
+## 🔋 Active Components
+
+Active components are electronic devices that **can amplify signals**, **control current**, or **produce energy**. They require an external power source to function.
+
+### Examples:
+- **Transistors** – Amplify or switch electronic signals
+- **Diodes** (including LEDs) – Allow current in one direction, used in rectification
+- **Integrated Circuits (ICs)** – Contain multiple active and passive components
+
+### Key Features:
+- Require external power to operate
+- Can **inject power** into a circuit
+- Can **control the flow** of electricity
+- Used for **amplification**, **signal processing**, and **switching**
+
+---
+
+## 🔌 Passive Components
+
+Passive components cannot amplify or generate power. They only **respond to** the electrical signals applied to them.
+
+### Examples:
+- **Resistors** – Limit current flow
+- **Capacitors** – Store and release energy as an electric field
+- **Inductors** – Store energy in a magnetic field
+- **Transformers** – Transfer energy between circuits via magnetic fields
+
+### Key Features:
+- Do **not require** external power to operate
+- **Cannot amplify** signals
+- Used for **filtering**, **energy storage**, **tuning**, and **impedance matching**
+
+---
+
+## ⚖️ Quick Analogy
+
+- **Passive Component**: Like a **valve or container** — it regulates or stores energy.
+- **Active Component**: Like a **pump** — it can **add energy** and control the system dynamically.
+
+---
+# 🔋 10 Active Electronic Components
+
+![Active Components](./active_components_symbols.png)
+
+# 🔌 10 Passive Electronic Components
+![Passive Components](./passive_components_symbols.png)